Annotated Bibliography
Chavez, Maria. (2012, July 5). Latina Struggles: Challenges Within the Culture. Racism Review. Retrieved from
http://www.racismreview.com/blog/2011/07/05/latina-struggles-challenges-within-the-culture/
Maria Chavez discusses the tough oppression that women go through everyday. She explains that even women with high paying jobs still go through this. For example, she includes some personal quotes from women who actually see this or go through it. In the first quote, the anonymous source states that she has noticed that women work harder than the men in the law firm, but women do not receive any credit. “Men often get the limelight, but women do the work”, clarifies the anonymous female employer. Through her writing, Maria really focuses on making it clear that Latina women are also mistreated because of their race. It is said that in the Latino culture sexism is more common. This article addresses the problems that women have to encounter therefore; it is very relevant to my community issue. It provides me with people’s personal experiences with this issue, which will benefit me a lot.
Galanti, Geri-Ann. (1998-2002). The Hispanic Family and Male-Female
Relationships: An Overview. Feature Articles, 180-184.
The article is written to inform people about the way Hispanic relationships are. This can help me explain that there is a high percent of a chance that there is sexism in a Hispanic relationship. Galanti explains that in a Hispanic culture, the relationship is unequal. The role of the woman is to be a mother, while the role of the man is to provide and to be the decisions. The relationship is also described to have some negative affects, due to excessive drinking. Galanti also names the cultural factor, and cultural barriers in the Hispanic community that leads to sexism. This article provided me with the main reasons why sexism is common in the Hispanic culture.
Amaro, Hortensia. (1987, December). Hispanic Women and Mental Health.
Psychology of Women Quarterly, 1987 (11), 393-407.
Since the Latino culture is proven to have a strong sexism problem, the women have many effects. Amaro explains many of the information that Latino women tend to lack. Of course with issues like these the victims usually have effects. Latino women then have the effects of mental health issues. Stated in this article, women mainly go through depression, and do not even notice. Amaro writes that women do not even notice due to the lack of knowledge and due to the fact that they cannot pay for the expenses. In order to help these women, Amaro wrote this article. The article was written so women could learn about Services that help them with little or no cost. Also, it was written so women could inform themselves about the mental health issues that they could obtain due to sexism. This also focuses on the effects of sexism, which is important to my issue. I will be able to explore and explain the effects in detail.
Isasi-Diaz, Ada Maria. (2004). En la Lucha: In the struggle: elaborating a mujerista
Theology. MN: Fortress Press.
In her book, Ada explains the everyday struggles of being a Latina. She uses anonymous insights to help describe the situation Latina women are put in and how they react to them. This novel is completely relevant to my issue because it addresses what kind of mistreatment women face, and how they cannot really do anything about it. The novel reveals that sexism is extremely common in the culture and that even young girls face such sexism. In this novel Latina women are seen to have strong roles, because of the struggles they face. Whether it being in their education, homes, or jobs women experience sexism.
Gonzalez-Lopez, Gloria. (2012) Machismo Bibliography. Science and Philosophy.
Retrieved from http://science.jrank .org/pages/7838/Machismo.html
In Gloria’s writing we learn of a new term called machismo. She explains that Europeans discovered the word earlier, and that the word came from the Latino culture. The word is stated to be the Spanish word for sexism. So when United States feminists and scholars noticed that many Latino men used this particular word in a common manner, it became clear that sexism is a usual problem in the specific culture. Gloria also introduces the words “macho” and “marianismo”. Macho is explained as both a word that represents the male species and it can also mean masculinity. Marianismo is then defined to also represent the gender inequality. Learning about these words help me understand how common this issue really is in the Latino community.
Anonymous. (28 Oct 2012) CliffNotes.com. Sexism in the Workplace. Retrieved from
http://www.cliffnotes.com/study_guide/topicArticleId-26957.articleId-26899.html.
The anonymous author of this article describes that women are discriminated in their jobs because of their gender. The
article states that they do not get paid equally. The pay is higher for a man than it is for a woman even if they have the exact same job and backgrounds. Women also have a tough time getting higher positions in their jobs because the people who make the decisions are usually looking for a man to obtain the position. It is a fact that less than five percent of women hold senior positions in their jobs. They explain that the reason why women get paid less is because they most likely leave their jobs because they have to talk care of their children, and take a leave of absence due to a pregnancy. This will help me point out that when people see women they right a way think of children, and how it’s a woman’s job to take care of them.
Lopez, Ricardo A. (2009). Latino Opinion. The Other Side of Machismo. Retrieved
from http://www.latinoopinion.com/2009/04/the-other-side-of-machismo/
Ricardo confesses his experience as he grew up in a Latino community. This very relevant to my topic because I get to
include real stories about how sexism is usually passed down the line through the males. It occurs through the treatment and beliefs fathers teach their sons. For example, Ricardo states that his father found him crying one time. Instead of being concerned he looked at his son and told him “men do not cry”. He admits that this is why he grew up to believe that if he would cry it would certainly mean that he was acting like a female. Ricardo includes in his article that emotions are supposed to be only seen in women and not men. Also, an important subject he also included was that womanizers are looked as tough guys. They are well respected by other men, which is another conflict that comes with the issue of sexism. I definitely want to include this in my paper because it will help me include and explain the effects of sexism in a family, and community. It will help me explain that it is difficult to stop this issue because people especially men grow up believing all this is okay. Boys grow up learning that sexism is okay.
Anonymous. (2012). UrbanMinistry.com. Sexism and Gender Discrimination
Statistics. Retrieved from www.urbanministry.org/sexism-and-gender-discrimination-statistics
This article shows the statistics of the discrimination of gender. It explains in detail where this occurs and with whom this occurs. It also includes comments from anonymous people that state their opinion on this issue. This shows that everyone has different opinions about sexism, and it is a tough issue to get rid of. It is also explained that sexism occurs both ways. Even though it usually occurs to women it does occur to men as well. Since it occurs to both genders I can research more about how it also occurs to men and include it in my paper. I will explain where it usually happens and why it happens to men as well. Since I am focused more on the Latino culture I believe there will be very little proof of that, but I will be sure to include information about this article that supports the fact that discrimination of men also occurs.
Asisi-Diaz, Ada Maria. Religion-online. Mujeristas: A name of Our Own. Retrieved
from http://www.religion-online.org/showarticle.asp?title=874
Maria talks about how religion takes place in sexism. She really writes more about how women fight towards the dominance that some Latino men want to have over their wives. This article describes that some men want to control their women. Of course it is mostly about their pride and about power. Maria then describes what women are finally doing to stand up against this oppression. She explains in detail that these particular women also want to help other women understand that some of men’s actions are not good. They want to educate women about this sexism that most Latina and Hispanic women go through in their everyday life. This information is a huge deal to me because it proves that women are educating themselves and are helping each other overcome this difficult issue in their community. Finally, Maria’s article includes many Spanish terms that defined and explained in detail. Also, they explain that a lot of the majority of sexism occurs in the poor Latino community.
http://www.racismreview.com/blog/2011/07/05/latina-struggles-challenges-within-the-culture/
Maria Chavez discusses the tough oppression that women go through everyday. She explains that even women with high paying jobs still go through this. For example, she includes some personal quotes from women who actually see this or go through it. In the first quote, the anonymous source states that she has noticed that women work harder than the men in the law firm, but women do not receive any credit. “Men often get the limelight, but women do the work”, clarifies the anonymous female employer. Through her writing, Maria really focuses on making it clear that Latina women are also mistreated because of their race. It is said that in the Latino culture sexism is more common. This article addresses the problems that women have to encounter therefore; it is very relevant to my community issue. It provides me with people’s personal experiences with this issue, which will benefit me a lot.
Galanti, Geri-Ann. (1998-2002). The Hispanic Family and Male-Female
Relationships: An Overview. Feature Articles, 180-184.
The article is written to inform people about the way Hispanic relationships are. This can help me explain that there is a high percent of a chance that there is sexism in a Hispanic relationship. Galanti explains that in a Hispanic culture, the relationship is unequal. The role of the woman is to be a mother, while the role of the man is to provide and to be the decisions. The relationship is also described to have some negative affects, due to excessive drinking. Galanti also names the cultural factor, and cultural barriers in the Hispanic community that leads to sexism. This article provided me with the main reasons why sexism is common in the Hispanic culture.
Amaro, Hortensia. (1987, December). Hispanic Women and Mental Health.
Psychology of Women Quarterly, 1987 (11), 393-407.
Since the Latino culture is proven to have a strong sexism problem, the women have many effects. Amaro explains many of the information that Latino women tend to lack. Of course with issues like these the victims usually have effects. Latino women then have the effects of mental health issues. Stated in this article, women mainly go through depression, and do not even notice. Amaro writes that women do not even notice due to the lack of knowledge and due to the fact that they cannot pay for the expenses. In order to help these women, Amaro wrote this article. The article was written so women could learn about Services that help them with little or no cost. Also, it was written so women could inform themselves about the mental health issues that they could obtain due to sexism. This also focuses on the effects of sexism, which is important to my issue. I will be able to explore and explain the effects in detail.
Isasi-Diaz, Ada Maria. (2004). En la Lucha: In the struggle: elaborating a mujerista
Theology. MN: Fortress Press.
In her book, Ada explains the everyday struggles of being a Latina. She uses anonymous insights to help describe the situation Latina women are put in and how they react to them. This novel is completely relevant to my issue because it addresses what kind of mistreatment women face, and how they cannot really do anything about it. The novel reveals that sexism is extremely common in the culture and that even young girls face such sexism. In this novel Latina women are seen to have strong roles, because of the struggles they face. Whether it being in their education, homes, or jobs women experience sexism.
Gonzalez-Lopez, Gloria. (2012) Machismo Bibliography. Science and Philosophy.
Retrieved from http://science.jrank .org/pages/7838/Machismo.html
In Gloria’s writing we learn of a new term called machismo. She explains that Europeans discovered the word earlier, and that the word came from the Latino culture. The word is stated to be the Spanish word for sexism. So when United States feminists and scholars noticed that many Latino men used this particular word in a common manner, it became clear that sexism is a usual problem in the specific culture. Gloria also introduces the words “macho” and “marianismo”. Macho is explained as both a word that represents the male species and it can also mean masculinity. Marianismo is then defined to also represent the gender inequality. Learning about these words help me understand how common this issue really is in the Latino community.
Anonymous. (28 Oct 2012) CliffNotes.com. Sexism in the Workplace. Retrieved from
http://www.cliffnotes.com/study_guide/topicArticleId-26957.articleId-26899.html.
The anonymous author of this article describes that women are discriminated in their jobs because of their gender. The
article states that they do not get paid equally. The pay is higher for a man than it is for a woman even if they have the exact same job and backgrounds. Women also have a tough time getting higher positions in their jobs because the people who make the decisions are usually looking for a man to obtain the position. It is a fact that less than five percent of women hold senior positions in their jobs. They explain that the reason why women get paid less is because they most likely leave their jobs because they have to talk care of their children, and take a leave of absence due to a pregnancy. This will help me point out that when people see women they right a way think of children, and how it’s a woman’s job to take care of them.
Lopez, Ricardo A. (2009). Latino Opinion. The Other Side of Machismo. Retrieved
from http://www.latinoopinion.com/2009/04/the-other-side-of-machismo/
Ricardo confesses his experience as he grew up in a Latino community. This very relevant to my topic because I get to
include real stories about how sexism is usually passed down the line through the males. It occurs through the treatment and beliefs fathers teach their sons. For example, Ricardo states that his father found him crying one time. Instead of being concerned he looked at his son and told him “men do not cry”. He admits that this is why he grew up to believe that if he would cry it would certainly mean that he was acting like a female. Ricardo includes in his article that emotions are supposed to be only seen in women and not men. Also, an important subject he also included was that womanizers are looked as tough guys. They are well respected by other men, which is another conflict that comes with the issue of sexism. I definitely want to include this in my paper because it will help me include and explain the effects of sexism in a family, and community. It will help me explain that it is difficult to stop this issue because people especially men grow up believing all this is okay. Boys grow up learning that sexism is okay.
Anonymous. (2012). UrbanMinistry.com. Sexism and Gender Discrimination
Statistics. Retrieved from www.urbanministry.org/sexism-and-gender-discrimination-statistics
This article shows the statistics of the discrimination of gender. It explains in detail where this occurs and with whom this occurs. It also includes comments from anonymous people that state their opinion on this issue. This shows that everyone has different opinions about sexism, and it is a tough issue to get rid of. It is also explained that sexism occurs both ways. Even though it usually occurs to women it does occur to men as well. Since it occurs to both genders I can research more about how it also occurs to men and include it in my paper. I will explain where it usually happens and why it happens to men as well. Since I am focused more on the Latino culture I believe there will be very little proof of that, but I will be sure to include information about this article that supports the fact that discrimination of men also occurs.
Asisi-Diaz, Ada Maria. Religion-online. Mujeristas: A name of Our Own. Retrieved
from http://www.religion-online.org/showarticle.asp?title=874
Maria talks about how religion takes place in sexism. She really writes more about how women fight towards the dominance that some Latino men want to have over their wives. This article describes that some men want to control their women. Of course it is mostly about their pride and about power. Maria then describes what women are finally doing to stand up against this oppression. She explains in detail that these particular women also want to help other women understand that some of men’s actions are not good. They want to educate women about this sexism that most Latina and Hispanic women go through in their everyday life. This information is a huge deal to me because it proves that women are educating themselves and are helping each other overcome this difficult issue in their community. Finally, Maria’s article includes many Spanish terms that defined and explained in detail. Also, they explain that a lot of the majority of sexism occurs in the poor Latino community.